Gross Job Losses Archives - Colorado-based Business and Economic Research

Slow Gross Job Growth – a Cause of the Weak Recovery in Colorado

February 9, 2013February 9, 2013 horvath

Colorado prides itself on its entrepreneurial spirit, yet, it took about 4 1/2 years to recover from the 2001 recession and it will take longer to rebound from the Great Recession. In short, the primary reason the state experienced net job growth was a decline in gross job losses and weak gross job gains.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics produces the Business Employment Dynamics data (BDM), a data set that provides gross job added because of expansion and openings and gross jobs lost because of contractions and closures. This differs from the wage and salary data series that reports only total net jobs.

The data shows that since 2000, Gross Job Gains and Gross Job Losses have been volatile and both have trended downward.

Since 1993, between 18.1% and 24.7% of the Gross Jobs Added are from openings while between 75.3% and 81.9% are from expansions. For that same period, the range of Gross Job Lost from contractions is 77.0% to 86.4% and the range for closings has been 13.6% to 23.0%. In the short-term, Gross Losses are moving downward and Gross Additions are headed upwards.

For more information go to the report, “Why Weaker Job Growth?” on cber.co. It can be found in the Special Reports Section.

Colorado Job Creation Remains Lackluster

September 18, 2012September 18, 2012 horvath

The recent release of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Business Dynamics (BDM) dataset shows that Colorado job creation remains weak.

Unlike other job statistics, which report the change in net jobs, the BDM statistics measure gross job gains and gross jobs lost. The data is derived from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, which explains why the lag in reporting is about 7 to 9 months.

Gross job gains were weak during 2010 and 2011, averaging 127,691 for the eight quarters. During the 7 previous quarters (Q2 2008 through Q4 2009), average quarterly gains were 124,895. This period included much of the 2007 recession. On average, gross job gains have been about the same for the period 2007 through 2011.

For the eight quarters in 2010 and 2011, average job losses were 120,452. By comparison, average job losses were 148,913 for the seven prior quarters (Q2 2008 through Q4 2009).

For 2010 and 2011, net job gains were primarily a result of reduced jobs losses and weak job gains. A variety of factors are responsible for this lack of job creation and ultimately the slow recovery.

In the chart below:
Heavy horizontal blue lines represent average gross gains for the period.
Heavy horizontal red lines represent average losses for the period.
Light blue lines represent quarterly totals (same as previous charts).
Light red lines represent quarterly totals (same as previous charts).

For additional information on the Colorado go to https://cber.co/CBEReconomy.html.

Slow Recovery Driven by Lack of Job Creation

June 20, 2012June 20, 2012 horvath

Most employment data sets report net jobs gains (gross job gains minus gross jobs losses). The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data set produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports gross changes in employment on a quarterly basis and provides insight into the recovery from the past two recessions.

Gross job gains occur when jobs are added by existing companies (openings) or new companies (expansions). Gross job losses occur when companies lay off some of their workers (contractions) or all of their workers (closings).

In the chart below the light blue lines represent quarterly totals for job gains and the light red lines represent quarterly totals for job losses. The data covers from Q3 1993 through Q3 2011 (this is the most current data).

Average gains and losses are calculated for the periods of expansion and decline. The heavy horizontal blue lines represent average gross gains for the period and the heavy horizontal red lines represent average losses for the period.

The following analysis shows Colorado gross job gains and losses with averages for the following periods.
• Q1 1993 to Q4 2000 (32 quarters or 96 months).
– In this period of expansion, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in each of the 32 quarters. The

1990s were a period of innovation and growth. There was significant job churn. Gross job gains and gross losses increased at similar rates and were highly correlated.
• Q1 2001 to Q2 2003 (10 quarters or 30 months).
– In this period of decline, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 8 of the 10 quarters.

• Q3 2003 to Q1 2008 (19 quarters or 57 months).
– In this period of recovery, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in all 19 quarters. The average job gains for the previous decline were similar to the average job gains for the recovery. The average level of job losses, layoffs or closures, determined whether the net change was positive or negative.

• Q2 2008 to Q4 2009 (7 quarters or 21 months).
– In this period of decline, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in all 7 quarters. Gross job losses rose significantly while job creation took a nosedive.

• Q1 2010 to present (7 quarters or 21 months).
– In this period of recovery, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 6 of the 7 quarters. During the recovery, the deciding factor was the decline in the number of gross jobs lost. The increase in gross job gains was minimal.

Since 2000 the average number of gross jobs has steadily declined. The average number of gross jobs lost has been the determining factor in whether the net change was positive or negative. This lack of job creation, with new firms or existing companies, explains why the job recovery from both recessions has been so weak.